Echo Test - O'Keefe ECG

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ECHO 4: 19-year-old male with Down syndrome who has a systolic murmur

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Answers

Time Remaining:

MI Complications

Ventricular septal rupture Free wall rupture Ruptured papillary muscle

LV Size

Small LV Size Normal LV Size Enlarged LV Size

Wall Thickness

Normal LV Wall Thickness Concentric LVH Asymmetric septal hypertrophy

LV Masses

LV mass or thrombus Metastatic Tumor in LV

LV Ejection Fraction

LV Ejection Fraction: Normal to hyperdynamic (EF >=50%) LV Ejection Fraction: Mild to moderate reduction (EF 35-49%) LV Ejection Fraction: Severe reduction (EF <35%)

LV Diastolic Function

Normal LV Diastolic Function Grade 1 (abnormal relaxation) LV Diastolic Function Grade 2 (pseudonormal) LV Diastolic Function Grade 3 (restrictive) LV Diastolic Function

Regional Wall Motion Abnormalities

Abnormal Regional LV wall motion Global LV wall motion hypokinesis

Apex

Septum

Lateral Wall

Inferior / Posterior Wall

Anterior Wall

Hypokinesis

Apex Hypokinesis

Septum Hypokinesis

Lateral Wall Hypokinesis

Inferior / Posterior Wall Hypokinesis

Anterior Wall Hypokinesis

Akinesis

Apex Akinesis

Septum Akinesis

Lateral Wall Akinesis

Inferior / Posterior Wall Akinesis

Anterior Wall Akinesis

Scar / Thinning

Apex Thinning

Septum Thinning

Lateral Wall Thinning

Inferior / Posterior Wall Thinning

Anterior Wall Thinning

Aneurysm

Apex Aneurysm

Septum Aneurysm

Lateral Wall Aneurysm

Inferior / Posterior Wall Aneurysm

Anterior Wall Aneurysm

Pseudoaneurysm

Apex Pseudoaneurysm

Septum Pseudoaneurysm

Lateral Wall Pseudoaneurysm

Inferior / Posterior Wall Pseudoaneurysm

Anterior Wall Pseudoaneurysm

Ischemia (by stress echo)

Apex Ischemia

Septum Ischemia

Lateral Wall Ischemia

Inferior / Posterior Wall Ischemia

Anterior Wall Ischemia

Viability (with stress echo)

Apex Viability

Septum Viability

Lateral Wall Viability

Inferior / Posterior Wall Viability

Anterior Wall Viability

ADULT CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

Primum ASD Secundum ASD Sinus venosus ASD Patent foramen ovale Muscular VSD Membranous VSD Supacristal VSD Patent ductus arteriosus Subaortic stenosus Coronary fistula Tetralogy of Fallot Ebstein's anomaly Anomalous coronary artery Complete transposition (D-TGA) Corrected transposition (L-TGA)

ATRIAL DISEASES

Large left atrium Large right atrium Atrial myxoma Atrial thrombus Metastatic tumor in atrium Lipomatous hypertrophy of interatrial septum

CARDIOMYOPATHIES

Nonischemic (dilated) cardiomyopathy Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Restrictive cardiomyopathy Takotsubo (stress induced) ARVC cardiomyopathy Noncompaction cardiomyopathy

SYSTEMIC DISEASES

Amyloid Hypereosinophilia

VALVULAR HEART DISEASE

Structural

Aortic Valve

Vegetation of aortic valve Calcified aortic valve Bicuspid aortic valve Flail aortic valve Fibroelastoma aortic valve Abscess aortic valve Rheumatic aortic valve

Mitral Valve

Vegetation of mitral valve Calcified mitral valve Cleft mitral valve Prolapse mitral valve Flail mitral valve Fibroelastoma mitral valve Systolic anterior motion (SAM) mitral valve Rheumatic mitral valve

Tricuspid Valve

Vegetation of tricuspid valve Fails to coapt tricuspid valve Carcinoid tricuspid valve Prolapse tricuspid valve Flail tricuspid valve

Pulmonic Valve

Congenitally abnormal pulmonary valve Carcinoid pulmonary valve

Prosthetic Valve

Normal prosthetic valve function Prosthetic valve endocarditis Pathologic regurgitation of prosthetic valve Perivalvular regurgitation of prosthetic valve Abnormally high gradient across prosthetic valve Obstruction due to thrombus or pannus in prosthetic valve Dehiscence of prosthetic valve

Stenosis / Regurgitation

Mitral Valve Stenosis

Aortic Valve Stenosis

Pulmonic Valve Stenosis

Tricuspid Valve Stenosis

Mitral Valve Regurgitation

Aortic Valve Regurgitation

Pulmonic Valve Regurgitation

Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation

Mild / Moderate

Mild / Moderate Mitral Valve Stenosis

Mild / Moderate Aortic Valve Stenosis

Mild / Moderate Pulmonic Valve Stenosis

Mild / Moderate Tricuspid Valve Stenosis

Mild / Moderate Mitral Valve Regurgitation

Mild / Moderate Aortic Valve Regurgitation

Mild / Moderate Pulmonic Valve Regurgitation

Mild / Moderate Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation

Severe

Severe Mitral Valve Stenosis

Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis

Severe Pulmonic Valve Stenosis

Severe Tricuspid Valve Stenosis

Severe Mitral Valve Regurgitation

Severe Aortic Valve Regurgitation

Severe Pulmonic Valve Regurgitation

Severe Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation

PULMONARY DISEASE

Acute pulmonary embolism Pulmonary hypertension

AORTIC DISEASES

Type A dissection Type B dissection Marfan syndrome Intramural hematoma in wall of aorta Aortic ulcer Aortic enlargement or aneurysm Aortic rupture Sinus of Valsalva aneurysm Sinus of Valsalva rupture Coarctation of aorta

PERICARDIAL / PLEURAL CONDITIONS

Pericardial effusion w/o tamponade Tamponade Pericardial mass or hemopericardium Pericardial constriction Pericardial cyst Pleural effusion

RV FUNCTION, STRUCTURE & SIZE

RV Enlarged RV Infarct Global RV hypokinesis RV volume overload RV pressure overload Catheter or pacemaker in RV Mass or thrombus in RV

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ECHO 4: 19-year-old male with Down syndrome who has a systolic murmur

Answers

Time Remaining:

MI Complications

MI Complications

LV Size

LV Size

Wall Thickness

Wall Thickness

LV Masses

LV Masses

LV Ejection Fraction

LV Ejection Fraction

LV Diastolic Function

LV Diastolic Function

Regional Wall Motion Abnormalities

Regional Wall Motion Abnormalities

Apex

Septum

Lateral Wall

Inferior / Posterior Wall

Anterior Wall

Hypokinesis

Akinesis

Scar / Thinning

Aneurysm

Pseudoaneurysm

Ischemia (by stress echo)

Viability (with stress echo)

ADULT CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

ADULT CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

ATRIAL DISEASES

ATRIAL DISEASES

CARDIOMYOPATHIES

CARDIOMYOPATHIES

SYSTEMIC DISEASES

SYSTEMIC DISEASES

VALVULAR HEART DISEASE

Structural

Aortic Valve

Aortic Valve

Mitral Valve

Mitral Valve

Tricuspid Valve

Tricuspid Valve

Pulmonic Valve

Pulmonic Valve

Prosthetic Valve

Prosthetic Valve

Stenosis / Regurgitation

Mitral Valve Stenosis

Aortic Valve Stenosis

Pulmonic Valve Stenosis

Tricuspid Valve Stenosis

Mitral Valve Regurgitation

Aortic Valve Regurgitation

Pulmonic Valve Regurgitation

Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation

Mild / Moderate

Severe

PULMONARY DISEASE

PULMONARY DISEASE

AORTIC DISEASES

AORTIC DISEASES

PERICARDIAL / PLEURAL CONDITIONS

PERICARDIAL / PLEURAL CONDITIONS

RV FUNCTION, STRUCTURE & SIZE

RV FUNCTION, STRUCTURE & SIZE

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